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    Long-term exposure to medium-dose glucocorticoid therapy associates with hypertension in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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    Authors
    Panoulas, Vasileios F.
    Douglas, Karen M. J.
    Milionis, Haralampos J.
    Metsios, Giorgos S.
    Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou, Antonios
    Nightingale, Peter
    Kita, Marina D.
    Elisaf, Moses S.
    Kitas, George D.
    Issue Date
    2008
    
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    Abstract
    OBJECTIVE: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associates with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that is due to both traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors. Hypertension (HT), one of the most common risk factors for cardiovascular disease, is highly prevalent in RA. The effects of long-term glucocorticoid (GC) therapy on blood pressure have not been established yet. This study examined whether GC exposure associates with HT in patients with RA. METHODS: Four hundred consecutive RA patients with detailed clinical and laboratory assessments were categorized into three groups according to GC exposure: no or limited exposure (N/L-E); a low-dose (< 7.5 mg) long-term exposure (LD/LT-E); and medium-dose (> or = 7.5 mg) long-term exposure (MD/LT-E). The association of GC exposure with HT was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: HT was more prevalent in the MD/LT-E group (84.7%) than the LD/LT-E or N/L-E groups (70.7 and 67.3%, respectively, P = 0.028). Logistic regression revealed increased odds for HT when comparing MD/LT-E with N/L-E, after adjustment for HT risk factors [odds ratio (OR) = 2.57, 95% CI 1.01-6.56, P = 0.049] and RA disease characteristics (OR = 3.64, 95% CI: 1.36-9.77, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: MD/LT GC exposure associates with a very high prevalence of HT. This appears to be independent of other risk factors for HT or of channelling bias due to disease severity, even though the latter cannot be excluded given the cross-sectional nature of our study. RA patients in this GC exposure group should be particularly targeted for early identification and aggressive management of HT.
    Citation
    Rheumatology, 47(1): 72-75
    Publisher
    Oxford University Press
    Journal
    Rheumatology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/2436/40204
    DOI
    10.1093/rheumatology/kem311
    PubMed ID
    18077493
    Additional Links
    http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/47/1/72
    Type
    Journal article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1462-0332
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/rheumatology/kem311
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing

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