Wolverhampton Intellectual Repository and E-Theses
WIRE is the open access repository for research publications and outputs by researchers based at the University of Wolverhampton.
For queries, contact: wire@wlv.ac.uk
Recent Submissions
Item Response to the Women and Equalities Committee’s Call for Evidence on Female Entrepreneurs(UK Parliament., 2025-03-25)This submission from the University of Wolverhampton is based on research underpinning two funded programmes: Women in Business Leadership in the Midlands and Investigating Disparities in SMEs Digitalisation. It also reflects the work of many academics at Wolverhampton Business School in the areas of gender, entrepreneurship, mentorship, and coaching.Item Empowering women entrepreneurs through digital upskilling: Driving economic recovery in Türkiye, post-earthquake(UK Parliament, 2025-01-29)The February 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye caused widespread devastation, erasing 48,422 businesses and leaving communities grappling with the challenges of recovery. Among those most severely impacted were women-led Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs), with 88% of women entrepreneurs, including refugees, facing significant disruptions to their operations. Alarmingly, 50% of these businesses remain unable to resume, revealing entrenched systemic inequalities and structural barriers, such as limited access to resources, markets, and digital tools. Without targeted intervention, these women entrepreneurs risk permanent exclusion from economic systems, exacerbating regional disparities and delaying recovery.Item Psycho-behavioural determinants of vulnerable road user safety: A review(Emerald, 2025-12-31)Safe, accessible, and sustainable transportation systems should be an accepted expectation for everyone. Unfortunately, vulnerable road users (VRUs), which include cyclists, e-scooters, motorcyclists, and pedestrians, including people with disabilities, amongst others, are often involved and severely injured or killed in road traffic accidents. A wide range of factors (including infrastructural, environmental, and technical, amongst others) influence the safety of VRUs. To date, limited studies have reviewed the psycho-behavioural aspects or the methodologies adopted that can assist in understanding the safety issues affecting VRUs. This study aims to conduct a systematic review to reveal psycho-behavioural aspects that can influence the safety of VRUs and utilise this information to identify cutting-edge methodologies to assess crucial factors influencing critical behavioural determinants that can support future road safety studies. Following a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) process, many articles have been screened, selected (n=91) and reviewed. These highlight key psycho-behavioural determinants, behavioural outcomes and research methodologies as themes that need consideration. Further, amalgamating this evidence can be used to identify gaps in research and practice and, in doing so, also emphasise the necessity for concerted actions that prioritise VRUs in urban planning and policy endeavours.Item Optimizing a photon absorber using conformal cooling channels and additive manufacturing in copper(International Union of Crystallography, 2025-05-13)Many of the 70 synchrotron facilities worldwide are undergoing upgrades to their infrastructure to meet a growing demand for increased beam brightness with nanometre-level stability. These upgrades increase the mechanical and thermal challenges faced by beamline components, creating opportunities to apply novel methodologies and manufacturing processes to optimize hardware performance and beam accuracy. Absorbers are important beamline components that rely on water-cooled channels to absorb thermal energy from excess light caused by synchrotron radiation or photon beams created by insertion devices, all within a limited volume, to protect downstream equipment and ensure safe, reliable operation. Additive manufacturing (AM) has been shown to meet criteria relevant to synchrotron environments like leak tightness and vacuum compatibility. However, there is a research gap on the heat transfer and pressure drop impact of different AM conformal cooling channel geometries, as well as the print quality of AM copper parts using low-power infrared lasers and their compliance with absorber requirements. In this study, an intermediate model of a Diamond Light Source photon absorber was optimized to incorporate AM conformal cooling channels, leading to two concept designs named `Horizontal' and `Coil'. When compared with the baseline design, the lightweight Horizontal concept performed the best in this study, with simulations showing a maximum temperature drop of 11%, a calculated pressure drop reduction of 82%, a mass reduction of 86%, and the consolidation of 21 individually brazed pipes into a single manifold. The AM print quality and compliance with the synchrotron environment was examined by producing custom benchmark artefacts and measuring their surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and porosity levels, which are characteristics that can affect heat absorption, structural integrity, thermal conductivity and vacuum performance. The study demonstrates the benefits and addresses outstanding challenges in reducing thermal fatigue, as well as the size, vibrations and energy consumption of AM absorbers.Item Pseudo [M(II)7] (M = Co, Ni and Zn) metallocalix[6]arene hosts encapsulate a range of organic guest molecules in the solid state(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025-05-13)We present the successful encapsulation of a number small organic guest moieties within the molecular cavities of pseudo [M7] (M = Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)) metallocalix[6]arene hosts and include the complexes [(2-fur)Zn(II)7(OMe)6(L)6](NO3)2.3H2O (1), [(3-fur)Co(II)7(OH)6(L)6](NO3)2 .4.5H2O (6), [(bzal)Zn(II)7(OMe)6(L)6](NO3)2.5H2O (7), [(2-acetylfuran)⊂[Ni(II)7(OMe)6L6(NO3)2].3H2O (12) and [(coumarin)⊂[Ni(II)7(OH)6(L)6(NO3)2.3H2O (20) (where LH = 2-Methoxy-6-[(E)-(methylimino)methyl]phenol). Guest inclusion of the species 2- and 3-furaldehyde, benzaldehyde, 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde, 2-acetylfuran, acetophenone, 1-indanone and coumarin was evidenced through a combination of FT-IR, solid state NMR, X-ray diffraction studies and TGA measurements. Guest packing coefficients were produced for a cross-section of these materials to give values ranging from 34% (in [(3-Fur)Ni(II)7(OH)6(L)6](NO3)2.3H2O (5)) to 75% (in [(2-acetylfuran)⊂[Co(II)7(OMe)6(L)6](NO3)2.7H2O (13)).
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