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In which fields are citations indicators of research quality?
Thelwall, Michael Kousha, Kayvan Stuart, Emma Makita, Meiko Abdoli, Mahshid Wilson, Paul Levitt, Jonathan
Thelwall, Michael
Kousha, Kayvan
Stuart, Emma
Makita, Meiko
Abdoli, Mahshid
Wilson, Paul
Levitt, Jonathan
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2023-05-04
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Abstract
Citation counts are widely used as indicators of research quality to support or replace human peer review and for lists of top cited papers, researchers, and institutions. Nevertheless, the relationship between citations and research quality is poorly evidenced. We report the first large-scale science-wide academic evaluation of the relationship between research quality and citations (field normalised citation counts), correlating them for 87,739 journal articles in 34 field-based UK Units of Assessment (UoAs). The two correlate positively in all academic fields, from very weak (0.1) to strong (0.5), reflecting broadly linear relationships in all fields. We give the first evidence that the correlations are positive even across the arts and humanities. The patterns are similar for the field classification schemes of Scopus and Dimensions.ai, although varying for some individual subjects and therefore more uncertain for these. We also show for the first time that no field has a citation threshold beyond which all articles are excellent quality, so lists of top cited articles are not pure collections of excellence, and neither is any top citation percentile indicator. Thus, whilst appropriately field normalised citations associate positively with research quality in all fields, they never perfectly reflect it, even at high values. Keywords: Research evaluation; Citation
Citation
Thelwall, M., Kousha, K., Stuart, E., Makita, M. et al. (2023) In which fields are citations indicators of research quality? Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 74(8), pp. 941–953. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24767.
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Journal article
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en
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This is an open access article published by Wiley in Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology on 04/05/2023, available online: https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24767
The accepted version of the publication may differ from the final published version.
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2330-1635
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2330-1643
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Research England, Scottish Funding Council, Higher Education Funding Council for Wales, and Department for the Economy, Northern Ireland as part of the Future Research Assessment Programme.