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FGF23 expression is a promising immunohistochemical diagnostic marker for undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone (UPSb)
Al-Hassi, Hafid O Ali, Naser M Cooke, Hannah De Silva, Shamini Brini, Anna T Babu, Pavithra Sumathi, Vaiyapuri Niada, Stefania
Al-Hassi, Hafid O
Ali, Naser M
Cooke, Hannah
De Silva, Shamini
Brini, Anna T
Babu, Pavithra
Sumathi, Vaiyapuri
Niada, Stefania
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Epub Date
Issue Date
2024-02-14
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Abstract
Background: Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone (UPSb) is a rare primary bone sarcoma that lacks a specific line of differentiation. Distinguishing between UPSb and other malignant bone sarcomas, including dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma, is challenging due to their overlapping features. We have previously identified that UPSb tumours have elevated mRNA levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) transcripts compared to other sarcomas including osteosarcoma. In the present study, we evaluated the specificity and practicality of FGF23 immunoreactivity as a specific diagnostic tool to differentiate UPSb tumours from osteosarcomas and dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas. Methods: A total of 10 UPSb, 10 osteosarcoma, and 10 dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma cases (all high-grade), were retrieved and immunohistochemistry for FGF23 was performed. Results: FGF23 protein was expressed at high levels in 80–90% of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the bone cases, whereas it was expressed at significantly lower levels in dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma cases. A semiquantitative analysis, considering the intensity of immunoreactivity, confirmed significantly elevated FGF23 expression levels in UPSb tissues compared to those observed in osteosarcoma and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma tissues. Conclusions: The results we present here suggest that FGF23 immunohistochemistry may be a useful tool to aid in differentiating UPSb from morphologically similar malignant bone sarcomas, especially in situations where sampling is restricted and there is limited clinical information available.
Citation
Al-Hassi, H. O., Ali, N. M., Cooke, H. et al. (2024) FGF23 Expression Is a Promising Immunohistochemical Diagnostic Marker for Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone (UPSb), Genes, 15 (2), Article no. 242. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020242
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Research Unit
PubMed ID
38397231 (pubmed)
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Journal article
Language
en
Description
© 2024 The Authors. Published by MDPI. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence.
The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020242
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ISSN
EISSN
2073-4425
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Sponsors
Funding for the study was provided by the Bone Cancer Research Trust (BCRT) with grant code BCRT/7020. This research was also funded in part by the Kuwait Medical Genetics Centre (KMGC), Ministry of Health, Kuwait; the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente L4097 and L4135, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi); and the Rotha Abraham Bequest, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK.
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Licence for published version: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International