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Ruthenium complexes: An alternative to platinum drugs in colorectal cancer treatment
Mahmud, Kazi Mustafa Niloy, Mahruba Sultana Shakil, Md Salman
Mahmud, Kazi Mustafa
Niloy, Mahruba Sultana
Shakil, Md Salman
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Epub Date
Issue Date
2021-08-19
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Alternative
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the intimidating causes of death around the world. CRC originated from mutations of tumor suppressor genes, proto-oncogenes and DNA repair genes. Though platinum (Pt)-based anticancer drugs have been widely used in the treatment of cancer, their toxicity and CRC cells’ resistance to Pt drugs has piqued interest in the search for alternative metal-based drugs. Ruthenium (Ru)-based compounds displayed promising anticancer activity due to their unique chemical properties. Ru-complexes are reported to exert their anticancer activities in CRC cells by regulating different cell signaling pathways that are either directly or indirectly associated with cell growth, division, proliferation, and migration. Additionally, some Ru-based drug candidates showed higher potency compared to commercially available Pt-based anticancer drugs in CRC cell line models. Meanwhile Ru nanoparticles coupled with photosensitizers or anticancer agents have also shown theranostic potential towards CRC. Ru-nanoformulations improve drug efficacy, targeted drug delivery, immune activation, and biocompatibility, and therefore may be capable of overcoming some of the existing chemotherapeutic limitations. Among the potential Ru-based compounds, only Ru (III)-based drug NKP-1339 has undergone phase-Ib clinical trials in CRC treatment.
Citation
Mahmud KM, Niloy MS, Shakil MS, Islam MA. (2021) Ruthenium Complexes: An Alternative to Platinum Drugs in Colorectal Cancer Treatment, Pharmaceutics. 13 (8) Article no. 1295. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13081295.
Publisher
Journal
Research Unit
PubMed ID
34452256 (pubmed)
PubMed Central ID
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Type
Journal article
Language
en
Description
© 2021 The Authors. Published by MDPI. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence.
The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website:
https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13081295
Series/Report no.
ISSN
1999-4923
EISSN
1999-4923
ISBN
ISMN
Gov't Doc #
Sponsors
The APC was funded by the Research Creativity and Management (RCMO), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), and the School of Medical Sciences, USM.
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Licence for published version: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International