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The placebo and nocebo effect on sports performance: A systematic review
Hurst, Phillip Schipof-Godart, Lieke Szabo, Attila Raglin, John Hettinga, Florentina Roelands, Bart Lane, Andrew Foad, Abby Coleman, Damian Beedie, Chris
Hurst, Phillip
Schipof-Godart, Lieke
Szabo, Attila
Raglin, John
Hettinga, Florentina
Roelands, Bart
Lane, Andrew
Foad, Abby
Coleman, Damian
Beedie, Chris
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2019-08-20
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Abstract
The aim of this review was to determine the magnitude of the placebo and nocebo effect on sport performance. Articles published before March 2019 were located using Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Scopus. Studies that examined placebo and nocebo effects of an objective dependent variable on sports performance, which included a control or baseline condition, were included in the analysis. Studies were classified into two categories of ergogenic aids: 1) nutritional and 2) mechanical. Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated from 32 studies involving 1,513 participants. Small to moderate placebo effects were found for both placebo (d = 0.36) and nocebo (d = 0.37) effects and when separated by nutritional (d = 0.35) and mechanical (d = 0.47) ergogenic aids. The pooled effect size revealed a small to moderate effect size across all studies (d = 0.38). Results suggest that placebo and nocebo effects can exert a small to moderate effect on sports performance.
Citation
Philip Hurst, Lieke Schipof-Godart, Attila Szabo, John Raglin, Florentina Hettinga, Bart Roelands, Andrew Lane, Abby Foad, Damian Coleman & Chris Beedie (2020) The Placebo and Nocebo effect on sports performance: A systematic review, European Journal of Sport Science, 20:3, 279-292, DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1655098
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Journal article
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en
Description
This is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Taylor and Francis in European Journal of Sport Science on 20/08/2019, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17461391.2019.1655098
The accepted version of the publication may differ from the final published version.
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1746-1391