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Clinical importance of the Mandalay spitting cobra (Naja mandalayensis) in Upper Myanmar – Bites, envenoming and ophthalmia
Sai-Sein-Lin-Oo Myat-Thet-Nwe Khin-Maung-Gyi Than-Aye Mi-Mi-Khine Myat-Myat-Thein Myo-Thant Pyae-Phyo-Aung Oakkar-Kyaw-Khant Aye-Zarchi-San
Sai-Sein-Lin-Oo
Myat-Thet-Nwe
Khin-Maung-Gyi
Than-Aye
Mi-Mi-Khine
Myat-Myat-Thein
Myo-Thant
Pyae-Phyo-Aung
Oakkar-Kyaw-Khant
Aye-Zarchi-San
Editors
Other contributors
Affiliation
Epub Date
Issue Date
2020-06-03
Submitted date
Alternative
Abstract
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd Examination of 18 cobras brought to three hospitals in the Mandalay Region by patients bitten or spat at by them distinguished 3 monocled cobras (Naja kaouthia) and 15 Mandalay spitting cobras (N. mandalayensis), based on their morphological characteristics. We confirm and extend the known distributions and habitats of both N. mandalayensis and N. kaouthia in Upper Myanmar. Clinical symptoms of local and systemic envenoming by N. mandalayensis are described for the first time. These included local swelling, blistering and necrosis and life-threatening systemic neurotoxicity. More information is needed about the clinical phenotype and management of bites by N. mandalayensis, the commoner of the two cobras in Upper Myanmar. Since the current cobra antivenom manufactured in Myanmar has lower pre-clinical efficacy against N. mandalayensis than N. kaouthia, there is a need for more specific antivenom therapy.
Citation
Sai-Sein-Lin-Oo et al. (2020) Clinical importance of the Mandalay spitting cobra (Naja mandalayensis) in Upper Myanmar–Bites, envenoming and ophthalmia, Toxicon, 184, pp. 39-47.
Publisher
Journal
Research Unit
PubMed ID
32504626 (pubmed)
PubMed Central ID
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Type
Journal article
Language
en
Description
This is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Elsevier in Toxicon on 03/06/2020, available online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.023
The accepted version of the publication may differ from the final published version.
Series/Report no.
ISSN
0041-0101
EISSN
1879-3150