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Low dose triptolide reverses chemoresistance in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells via reactive oxygen species generation and DNA damage response disruption
Zhao, Haijun Shi, Pengcheng Deng, Manman Jiang, Zhiwu Li, Yin Kannappan, Vinodh Wang, Weiguang Li, Peng Xu, Bing
Zhao, Haijun
Shi, Pengcheng
Deng, Manman
Jiang, Zhiwu
Li, Yin
Kannappan, Vinodh
Wang, Weiguang
Li, Peng
Xu, Bing
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2016-11-19
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Abstract
Chemoresistance represents a major challenge for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Thus, new drugs to overcome chemoresistance in ALL are urgently needed. To this end, we established a cytarabine (araC)-resistant ALL cell line (NALM-6/R), which interestingly displayed cross-resistance towards doxorubicin (ADM). Here we report that low dose of triptolide (TPL), a natural product used for treating inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, could reverse araC and ADM resistance and in NALM-6/R cells as well as primary cells from patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) ALL, reflected by inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in vitro, and repression of tumor growth in vivo in a mouse xenograft model. Mechanistically, these events were associated with impaired mitochondrial membrane potential and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Co-treatment with TPL and araC or ADM upregulated pro-apoptotic caspase-9 protein, inhibited checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and 2 (Chk2) phosphorylation, and induced γH2A.X (a DNA damage marker). Notably, the combination regimen of TPL and conventional chemotherapeutics also rapidly diminished tumor burden in a patient with R/R ALL. Together, these findings provide preclinical evidence for repurposing use of TPL in combination with chemotherapeutic agents to treat R/R ALL as an alternative salvage regimen.
Citation
Zhao H., Shi P., Deng M., Jiang Z., Li, Y., Kannappan V., Wang W., Li P., Xu B. (2016) 'Low dose triptolide reverses chemoresistance in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells via reactive oxygen species generation and DNA damage response disruption' Oncotarget, 7 (51) pp. 85515-85528.
doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13454.
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Journal article
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en
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1949-2553