A literature review of the Janus kinase inhibitors used in the treatment of auto-immune dermatological conditions

Abstract

The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) families and Janus kinase group (JAK) are important intracellular signalling components that affect more than 50 cytokines and growth elements. JAK inhibitors target distinct receptor-associated kinases, inhibiting the activation of inflammatory signals. With the expanding body of evidence supporting the use of targeted medicines, numerous JAK inhibitors, both topical and systemic, have been tested in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, with varying mechanisms of action, effectiveness, and safety. The efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors used to treat inflammatory and atopic skin diseases are examined in this review study. Their application in the mentioned fields has been characterized by some excellent clinical responses, but wide variability in responses and some serious and even life-threatening side effects. While JAK inhibitors are now beneficial to many patients, further study is needed to better understand this complicated mechanism to improve treatment outcomes and minimize side effects.