Cell mechanotransduction machinery, and signaling defects: small tools and nano-bio interface for influential regenerative remedies

Abstract

Designing nanotools and devices offers a wider platform having high therapeutic claims for the discovery of drug discovery and promoting cellular events including cell motility, signaling pathways, cellular proliferation, cell physiology, apoptosis, and microenvironmental conditions during tissue engineering and regeneration. To enhance cellular environment in a physical and chemical context, the nanotools having remedies to care for the endothelial matrix during various cellular processes and mechanisms (nutrient transport, cell health, cellular interactions, differentiation, and proliferation). The influential regenerative remedies were also transported by drug delivery tools and devices for enhancing biophysical interactions with multiple mechanoresponsive that further support healing. Therefore, the small tools and nano-bio interface were also applied for stimulation and rejuvenation. The role of the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway, growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, inflammasome, IL-1β, cytokine, cadherin, and Ca2+dependent cell-cell adhesion proteins in the regeneration were underlined and highlighted. The elucidation of interlinked signaling pathways of cellular events offers a new approach for developing novel therapeutic remedies and emerged as new concepts in tissue regeneration and repair. Cell damage tempted injury leads to apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis via different processes.