Choose where you live carefully: built environment differences in children’s cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk
Abstract
Information regarding urban-rural differences in health indicators are scarce in Brazil. This study sought to identify rural-urban differences in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and car-diometabolic risk (CMR) in Brazilian children and adolescents whilst controlling for the important confounding variables including social economic status (SES). This is a cross-sectional study developed with children and adolescents (n = 2250, age 11.54 ± 2.76) selected from a city in the south of Brazil. CRF was estimated using a 6-minute run/walk test. CMR scores were calculated by summing different cardiometabolic risk indicators. CRF was analysed assuming a multiplicative model with allometric body-size components. CMR differences in residential locations was assessed using Analysis of caovariance (ANCOVA) adopting SES, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), age and fitness as covariates. Results indicated a main effect of location (p< 0.001) with children living a rural environment having the highest CRF, and children living in the periphery of towns having the lowest. Analysis also revealed significant main effects of location (p< 0.001) with children living a rural environment having the lowest CMR and children living in the centre of towns having the highest. Therefore, Brazilian children living in a rural environment appear to have superior health benefits.Citation
Nevill AM, Reuter CP, Brand C, Gaya AR, Mota J, Pollo Renner JD, Duncan MJ. Choose Where You Live Carefully: Built Environment Differences in Children’s Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk. Sports. 2021; 9(2):31. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9020031Publisher
MDPIJournal
SportsPubMed ID
33669931 (pubmed)Additional Links
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4663/9/2/31Type
Journal articleLanguage
enDescription
© 2021 The Authors. Published by MDPI. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9020031ISSN
2075-4663EISSN
2075-4663ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3390/sports9020031
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