A novel mechanism for the anti-cancer activity of aspirin and salicylates
Authors
Bashir, Asma'u I.J.Kankipati, Chandras S.
Jones, Sarah
Newman, Robert M.
Safrany, Stephen T.
Perry, Christopher J.
Nicholl, Iain D.
Issue Date
2019-01-29
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Epidemiological studies indicate that long-term aspirin usage reduces the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and may protect against other non-CRC associated adenocarcinomas, including oesophageal cancer. A number of hypotheses have been proposed with respect to the molecular action of aspirin and other non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs in cancer development. The mechanism by which aspirin exhibits toxicity to CRC has been previously investigated by synthesising novel analogues and derivatives of aspirin in an effort to identify functionally significant moieties. Herein, an early effect of aspirin and aspirin-like analogues against the SW480 CRC cell line was investigated, with a particular focus on critical molecules in the epidermal growth factor (EGF) pathway. The present authors proposed that aspirin, diaspirin and analogues, and diflunisal (a salicylic acid derivative) may rapidly perturb EGF and EGF receptor (EGFR) internalisation. Upon longer incubations, the diaspirins and thioaspirins may inhibit EGFR phosphorylation at Tyr1045 and Tyr1173. It was additionally demonstrated, using a qualitative approach, that EGF internalisation in the SW480 cell line may be directed to endosomes by fumaryldiaspirin using early endosome antigen 1 as an early endosomal marker and that EGF internalisation may also be perturbed in oesophageal cell lines, suggestive of an effect not only restricted to CRC cells. Taken together and in light of our previous findings that the aspirin-like analogues can affect cyclin D1 expression and nuclear factor-κB localisation, it was hypothesized that aspirin and aspirin analogues significantly and swiftly perturb the EGFR axis and that the protective activity of aspirin may in part be explained by perturbed EGFR internalisation and activation. These findings may also have implications in understanding the inhibitory effect of aspirin and salicylates on wound healing, given the critical role of EGF in the response to tissue trauma.Citation
Bashir, AIJ., Kankipati, CS., Jones, S., Newman, RM., Safrany, ST., Perry, CJ., Nicholl, ID. (2019) 'A novel mechanism for the anti-cancer activity of aspirin and salicylates', International Journal of Oncology, 54(4) pp. 1256-1270 doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4701Publisher
Spandidos Publications LtdJournal
International Journal of OncologyAdditional Links
https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ijo.2019.4701Type
Journal articleLanguage
enDescription
© 2016 The Authors. Published by Spandidos Publications. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2019.4701ISSN
1019-6439ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3892/ijo.2019.4701
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