Faculty of Social Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1-20 of 715
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Institutions and instruments for tackling chronic poverty: the case of social protection and HIV/AidsHIV/AIDS is both a cause and a symptom of chronic poverty and requires new and innovative policy instruments and institutional structures to address its impacts. Focusing specifically on orphans, vulnerable children and the elderly, this paper explores the appropriateness of different social protection mechanisms for supporting households living with HIV/AIDS and suggests what roles are appropriate for different institutions – from households and communities to governments and donors – for tackling chronic poverty among people living with HIV/AIDS.
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Interpreting in international sign: decisions of Deaf and non-Deaf interpretersThe professional use of Deaf Interpreters (DIs) is increasing in several countries and across several contexts. However, there have been few studies that have explored the nature of the work when it involves a Deaf and nondeaf interpreting team. The current study examined the work of two teams of Deaf/non-deaf interpreters providing service in a conference setting. The participants were videotaped while providing service in order to examine the linguistic decisions made by non-deaf interpreters acting as a natural signed language feed, the linguistic decisions made by Deaf interpreters working into International Sign (IS), as well as the meta-communication strategies the team used while constructing the interpretation. The data suggest that interpreting teams that are more familiar with each other rely on different strategies when chunking information, asking for feeds, and for making accommodations. There also appear to be significant differences in the work when the two interpreters share a common natural signed language. All of the data analyzed thus far offer insight into the nature of the relationship and may provide guidance to those arranging interpreting services for international events.
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Konferenzdolmetscher in werden: Die Erfahrungen tauber Dolmetscher innenIn this article we consider the experience of two traditional ‘amateur’ Deaf interpreters working at an international conference within the context of the professionalization of deaf interpreters. We explore the themes raised during interviews of the Deaf and hearing interpreters who worked together at an efsli event. The path to becoming a professional deaf interpreter is often mediated by such capacity building opportunities in countries with limited access to formal training and so we note the dynamics of the teams and the professional reflections of the interpreters. We also draw attention to the attitudinal barriers that deaf interpreters face, which can affect the work of deaf interpreters and the ways in which traditional Deaf interpreters adopt strategies of collegiality and resilience to enable their professionalization.
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The battle of the giants: EU law, ECHR and the Energy Charter Treaty; the rematch to protect property rights in EuropeThis article explores the various levels of compensation for expropriated investments in the European legal framework. This article is timely, because it adds to the discussion on the changing position of UK investors after Brexit and whether their international protection is equal to their protection under EU law. In order to critically evaluate the proposition that energy investors are granted equivalent protection of their investments under the EU legal framework, as compared to the legal framework of investment treaties (BITs, FTAs, IIAs), this article evaluates the existing rules on compensation under the Energy Charter Treaty, the EU law and the European Convention on Human Rights.
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The origins of chemical warfare in the French ArmyFollowing the Germans’ first use of chlorine gas during the second battle of Ypres, the Entente had to develop means of protection from future poison gas attacks as well as systems for retaliation. This article, through the analysis of heretofore unexamined archival sources, considers early French attempts at engaging in chemical warfare. Contrary to the existing historiography, the French army aggressively adapted to, and engaged in, chemical warfare. Indeed, the French army would be the first to fire asphyxiating gas shells from field guns and, by June 1915, would pioneer the use of gas as a neutralization weapon to be used in counter-battery fire, as opposed to unleashing gas via canisters to engage enemy infantry. Such innovation invites a rethinking not only of French gas efforts but also of the role and evolution of the French army as a whole on the Western Front, a topic which the Anglophone world is in great need of examining further.
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Real exchange rate and asymmetric shocks in the West African Monetary ZoneThis paper examines real effective exchange rate (REER) responses to shocks in exchange rate determinants for the West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) over the period 1980–2015. The analysis is based on a country-by-country VECM, and oil price, supply and demand shocks are identified using long run restrictions in a structural VAR model. We report significant differences in the response of REER to real oil price, productivity (supply) and demand preference shocks across these economies. In addition the relative contribution of these shocks to REER movements in the short and long run appears to be different across economies. Our findings suggest that the WAMZ countries are structurally different, and asymmetric shocks with inadequate adjustment mechanisms imply that a monetary union would be costly.
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Carles Puigdemont gambled and failed. The consequences will live onBy heading to Belgium, the president of Catalonia missed his chance to stand up to Madrid – and to show himself as a leader sticking to his principles
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Taking the wrong track? Arthur and good character directions: R (on the application of Arthur) v Blackfriars Crown Court [2018] 2 Cr App R 4 (DC)The Divisional Court’s judgment in R (on the application of Arthur) v Blackfriars Crown Court (hereafter ‘Arthur’) is of significance in relation to questions of both criminal procedure and the law of evidence. First, it raised the issue of the proper procedure to be followed for the judicial review of a refusal to state a case for the Crown Court. Second, it is notable as one of the very few reported cases following the Court of Appeal’s landmark judgment on good character evidence in Hunter, and as an example of the contentious case where adverse inferences are drawn from a defendant’s silence in police interview (pursuant to s.34 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994) despite the submission of a prepared written statement.
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Legal feminism and insolvency theory: A woman's touchThe impact of women’s lives and experiences on the law forms an essential part of the feminist legal movement. This article evaluates the existence of feminist ideologies in a hitherto unexplored area of the law, namely insolvency law and more specifically insolvency theory. Some main ideologies of the feminist movement are identified and contrasted with the views of the main insolvency theories. It aims to establish whether insolvency theories may also be categorised in relation to ideologies expressed in feminist legal theory.
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Great Britain and Russia’s civil war: “The necessity for a definite and coherent policy”© 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis. Britain's involvement in the Russian Civil War was an attempt by the greatest maritime power in the world to project power decisively against continental-power Russia; to overturn the Bolshevik Revolution and prevent the spread of communism across Europe. This article briefly examines the Royal Navy's Baltic Campaign during the pivotal year of 1919 and especially during October, with counter-revolutionary White General Nikolai Yudenich's final lunge towards Petrograd. Although the existing literature predominantly ascribes a great moral and strategic victory to modern naval deterrence -- the protection of the Baltic States on the one hand and against German-led forces on the other -- the historical evidence suggest a much more nuanced definition of 'victory'. British sea power was not able to destroy the Red Fleet anchored at Kronstadt, nor secure Yudenich's left flank by overpowering the outlying coastal fortress of Krasanaya Gorka. As a result, the entire White offensive was thrown off-balance and ultimately ill-fated.
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Waterfronts and homes, 1900–1970When Kevin Ford was a child in the 1940s, his father worked as a watersider in Bluff. Each morning Kevin or his brother would get up early and walk up the road until they could see the harbour. If there was a ship in port their father would get up and go to work; if there was no ship he would sleep in.1 For most of the twentieth century, the vast majority of goods that came in or out of New Zealand were loaded and unloaded by watersiders like Kevin Ford’s father. Despite technological advances, the activities around shipping and ports were still shaped by the unpredictable oceanic environment, and as the Fords’ story demonstrates, the effects of the sea’s unpredictability did not stop at the port gate. Watersiders’ family members and their domestic spaces were equally influenced by the uncertain conditions of waterside labour and the broken rhythms of the global seaborne trade upon which New Zealand relied.