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    Astragalus saponins induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft.

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    Authors
    Tin, Mandy
    Cho, Chi-Hin
    Chan, Kelvin C.
    James, Anthony
    Ko, Joshua
    Issue Date
    2007
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Astragalus memebranaceus is used as immunomodulating agent in treating immunodeficiency diseases and to alleviate the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. In recent years, it has been proposed that Astragalus may possess anti-tumorigenic potential in certain cancer cell types. In this study, the anti-carcinogenic effects of Astragalus saponin extract were investigated in HT-29 human colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft. Our findings have shown that Astragalus saponins (AST) inhibit cell proliferation through accumulation in S phase and G2/M arrest, with concomitant suppression of p21 expression and inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase activity. Besides, AST promotes apoptosis in HT-29 cells through caspase 3 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, which is indicated by DNA fragmentation and nuclear chromatin condensation. Nevertheless, we also demonstrate the anti-tumorigenic effects of AST in vivo, of which the reduction of tumor volume as well as pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects in HT-29 nude mice xenograft are comparable with that produced by the conventional chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In addition, the side effects (body weight drop and mortality) associated with the drug combo 5-FU and oxaliplatin are not induced by AST. These results indicate that AST could be an effective chemotherapeutic agent in colon cancer treatment, which might also be used as an adjuvant in combination with other orthodox chemotherapeutic drugs to reduce the side effects of the latter compounds.
    Citation
    Carcinogenesis, 28(6): 1347-1355
    Publisher
    Oxford Journals
    Journal
    Carcinogenesis
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/2436/29433
    DOI
    10.1093/carcin/bgl238
    PubMed ID
    17148504
    Additional Links
    http://carcin.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/28/6/1347
    Type
    Journal article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0143-3334
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/carcin/bgl238
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Research Institute in Healthcare Science

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