• Latent fingermark pore area reproducibility.

      Gupta, Abhishek; Buckley, Kevan; Sutton, Raul (Elsevier, 2008)
      The study of the reproducibility of friction ridge pore detail in fingermarks is a measure of their usefulness in personal identification. Pore area in latent prints developed using cyanoacrylate and ninhydrin were examined and measured by photomicrography using appropriate software tools. The data were analysed statistically and the results showed that pore area is not reproducible in developed latent prints, using either of the development techniques. The results add further support to the lack of reliability of pore area in personal identification.
    • Robust deep identification using ECG and multimodal biometrics for industrial internet of things

      Alkeem, Ebrahim Al; Yeob Yeun, Chan; Yun, Jaewoong; Yoo, Paul D; Chae, Myungsu; Rahman, Arafatur; Asyhari, A. Taufiq (Elsevier, 2021-06-12)
      The use of electrocardiogram (ECG) data for personal identification in Industrial Internet of Things can achieve near-perfect accuracy in an ideal condition. However, real-life ECG data are often exposed to various types of noises and interferences. A reliable and enhanced identification method could be achieved by employing additional features from other biometric sources. This work, thus, proposes a novel robust and reliable identification technique grounded on multimodal biometrics, which utilizes deep learning to combine fingerprint, ECG and facial image data, particularly useful for identification and gender classification purposes. The multimodal approach allows the model to deal with a range of input domains removing the requirement of independent training on each modality, and inter-domain correlation can improve the model generalization capability on these tasks. In multitask learning, losses from one task help to regularize others, thus, leading to better overall performances. The proposed approach merges the embedding of multimodality by using feature-level and score level fusions. To the best of our understanding, the key concepts presented herein is a pioneering work combining multimodality, multitasking and different fusion methods. The proposed model achieves a better generalization on the benchmark dataset used while the feature-level fusion outperforms other fusion methods. The proposed model is validated on noisy and incomplete data with missing modalities and the analyses on the experimental results are provided.
    • The reliability of fingerprint pore area in personal identification

      Sutton, Raul; Gupta, Abhishek (University of WolverhamptonSchool of Applied Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, 2008)
      Reproducibility of third level fingerprint detail is important in personal identification. The effect of different substrates on the reproducibility of pore dimensions in inked reference fingerprints was investigated. Photomicrographs of reference prints were taken and pore area was measured repeatedly using appropriate software. Reproducibility of pore area was also studied in latent prints. Latent prints were deposited on chosen absorbent and non-absorbent surfaces and developed using Cyanoacrylate and Ninhydrin to determine pore area reproducibility. Photomicrographs of ridged skin were captured directly by focusing under microscope and pore area reproducibility in these images was studied. Live scans were also included in the study to see if pore area can be relied upon in live scans at 500ppi (pixels per inch). Results revealing best third level detail in inked prints were achieved by deposition onto a variety of non-absorbent substrates but inter-print variation indicated that pore area in inked prints deposited onto paper substrates cannot be used reliably in personal identification. In case of latent prints, variation was greater than normal acceptable limits suggesting that pore area is not reproducible in latent prints developed using Cyanoacrylate and Ninhydrin techniques. Results of direct microscopic images also showed too great inter-image variation which has further supported the unreliability of pore area as a tool in personal identification. Live scans at 500ppi did not prove to be useful in providing good pore detail for study. This study casts doubt on the use of pore area as a reliable identification tool in personal identification and suggests raising the scanning resolution to study pore detail in live scans.